A natural disaster is a major event resulting from natural processes of the Earth.

These include floods, volcanic eruptions, earthquakes, tsunamis, and other geological processes. A natural disaster can cause loss of life or property damage, and usually leaves some economic damage, the severity of which depends on the affected population's resilience, or ability to recover:

• 1 Geological disasters
  • 1.1 Avalanches and mudslides
  • 1.2 Earthquakes
  • 1.3 Sinkholes
  • 1.4 Volcanic eruptions
• 2 Hydrological disasters
  • 2.1 Floods
  • 2.2 Limnic eruptions
  • 2.3 Tsunami
• 3 Meteorological disasters
  
  • 3.1 Blizzards
  • 3.2 Cyclonic storms
    • 3.2.1 Tropical cyclones
    • 3.2.2 Extratropical cyclones
  • 3.3 Droughts
  • 3.4 Hailstorms
  • 3.5 Heat waves
  • 3.6 Tornadoes
• 4 Wildfires
• 5 Health disasters
  • 5.1 Epidemics
• 6 Space disasters
  • 6.1 Impact events
  • 6.2 Solar flare
    

Here you have another list and how to cope with them:
http://www.ready.gov/natural-disasters


You can also check:

http://education.nationalgeographic.com/topics/natural-disasters/

https://www.teachervision.com/natural-disasters/teacher-resources/48771.html

http://www.teachingideas.co.uk/subjects/natural-disasters